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Periodontology

Bakteri

 

Periodontology is specialty of dentistry concerned with the supporting tissues of teeth, diseases, and conditions that affect them.Periodontal diseases can occur in any age group an a society.The progress of disease might happen without any symptom like pain therefore when the patient starts complaining,the loss of supporting tissues would have already caused the come off of the intact and no-cavity teeth.

Common symptom of periodontal diseases is gum bleeding.In addition to that,gum takes a reddish color,swells and adopts a shiny surface and in most cases halitosis,itchy gum,sense of bleeding and sensitivity are experinced as well.          

Periodontitis involves progressive loss of the alveolar bone around the teeth, and if left untreated, can lead to the loosening and subsequent loss of teeth. The main reason of Periodontitis is bacterial plaque and it can be treated with mechanically. However,overall problematic health systematics might lead to periodontitis as well.Among these systematic failures are diabetes,cardiovascular diseases,epilepsy,down syndrome,AIDS and blood diseases.

 

How are the Periodontal diseases diagnosed and treated?

When there is an extraordinary view of gum noticed by the dentists, the dentist ,with the aid of periodontal probe measures the length of gumpocket existing between tooth and gum. Also inorder to evaluate the bone tissue,an x-ray of the teeth can be taken,that way the gum diseases can be diagnosed.

The main purpose of periodontal treatment is to preserve the unhealthy looking teeth in the mouth and prevent loss of these teeth.Depending on the type and severity of the disease ,treatment method varies and among the methods we can list oral hygiene education,plaque cleaning,root surface flattening,regenerative,reconstructive and mucogingival operations.

The disease type and severity,habits of patient,cooperation of patient with dentist,oraly hygiene standards,treatment planning have substantial contribution in reaching the treatment goal.

In periodontal treatment,early diagnosis and necessary treating action will result in definite success and customer satisfaction. It must be noted that no restorative treatment can be applied to teeth that are periodontally unhealthy.

Peridontology is also involved in ensuring better smiles for the patients bearing gummy smile.

 

What is dental plaque cleaning?

 

Mouth saliva comprises calcium and this calcium accumulates on the tooth surface and gradually form plaque. Scaling is the method of removing plaque by ultrasonic devices and this is one of the most common and effective way of plaque cleaning. 

 


 

When to apply plaque cleaning?
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Plaque causes gum diseases and that’s why they need to be removed from teeth.In the first phase of disease,especially at the gingivitis stage,plaque cleaning is sufficient to take the disease under control. But if the disease has progressed,plaque cleaning can only be the first step. 


How plaque cleaning is applied?

In plaque cleaning and root surface flattening ultrasonic devices and other hand tools are utilized.Ultrasonic devices work with air pressure or electricity and they vibrate at high frequencies.With the vibration they remove the plaque off of the surface and with the aid of water wash system,lifted up plaques are dispersed away.Hand tools have sharp edges and when they come in touch with the surface,they dislocate the plaque from surface.

What is Flap surgery (procedure) for gum disease?

In gum flap surgery,gum gets disintegrated from teeth and folded down temporarily and therefore enables a better sight of root and bone for the dentist.

When can Flap surgery be applied?


The aim of Gum flap surgery is to treat periodontitis,the gum diesease.This procedure is recommended to apply to patients with medium or advanced level gum diseases.If the gum infection can not be stopped ,then it is suitable to use flap surgery.Flap surgery can be applied together with bone surgery.

Preparation for Flap surgery; 


First ,oral hygine is improved by removing all plaque formation in the mouth.Then the dentist or periodontist should check if the medication patient is using does not constitute any contradiction with the surgery.

How flap surgery is applied?


Local anesthesia is applied to the area.Then with the aid of a hand tool,gum is taken off of the teeth.Afterwards,dentist can have direct access to root and supporting bone tissue.With the intervention,the infected tissues can be removed from between the teeth and through bone holes.Plaque cleaning and root surface flattening can be applied.If there are bone defects,they can be reshaped and corrected.

After this process,gum can be unfolded back on its original place and stitched for permanence.


Post surgery;

During the aftermath of surgery, it is possible for the patients to feel minor pain. Patients can use prescribed pain killers to relieve the pain.
It is important to keep the area where surgery was applied clean when recovering. In other areas of mouth,patients may keep brushing teeth,doing antiseptic mouthwash and flossing.There might happen a slight swell and in order to prevent this patients can apply external ice compress .If necessary, dentist may prescribe anti-biotics to prevent formation of infections.The treated area should be re-checked by the dentist within 7-10 days.